Brake Dust Found More Toxic to Lungs Than Diesel Exhaust, Study Reveals

Research highlights the health risks of non-exhaust emissions and calls for regulatory action on brake pad materials.

A University of Southampton study found that brake dust, particularly from non-asbestos organic (NAO) pads, is more harmful to lung cells than diesel exhaust particles.
Brake dust contains high levels of copper, which was identified as a key factor in its toxicity; reducing copper content diminished its harmful effects.
Non-exhaust emissions, including brake, tyre, and road wear, now surpass exhaust emissions as the primary source of vehicle particulate pollution in Europe and the UK.
Electric vehicles, while eliminating exhaust emissions, still contribute to non-exhaust emissions, with their heavier weight potentially increasing particulate matter from brakes and tyres.
The findings suggest the need for stricter regulation of non-exhaust emissions and the development of safer brake pad materials to mitigate health risks.