Earth’s Axis Shifted 31.5 Inches East Due to Groundwater Pumping, Study Finds

Researchers link large-scale groundwater extraction to significant changes in Earth's rotational pole and rising sea levels between 1993 and 2010.

Scientists estimate that 2,150 gigatons of groundwater were pumped from beneath Earth's surface between 1993 and 2010, contributing to a 31.5-inch eastward shift in the planet's axis.
The redistribution of groundwater, primarily for irrigation and drinking water, has been identified as the largest climate-related factor affecting Earth's rotational pole drift.
Regions such as northwestern India and western North America, which experienced significant groundwater depletion, had the most pronounced effects on the planet's tilt.
This groundwater extraction also contributed to a 0.24-inch rise in global sea levels during the 17-year study period, exacerbating the effects of climate change.
While the tilt does not affect seasons, researchers warn that such shifts could have long-term impacts on climate and highlight the need for sustained groundwater conservation efforts.