New Solanum Pan-Genome Unlocks Genetic Insights for Crop Improvement

Scientists identify key paralog genes in tomatoes and African eggplants, advancing genome editing for larger and more resilient crops.

Researchers from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Johns Hopkins University have sequenced dozens of Solanum genomes, including tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants, to create a comprehensive pan-genome.
The study highlights the role of paralog genes—duplicated genes with similar functions—in determining traits like fruit size, flowering time, and shape across species.
A gene discovered in African eggplants, SaetSCPL25-like, was found to control fruit size and successfully edited to grow larger tomatoes, showcasing the potential for cross-species genetic advancements.
The findings emphasize a 'reciprocal exchange' between indigenous and major crops, creating opportunities to improve crop diversity, resilience, and nutritional options globally.
Published in Nature, the research introduces 'pan-genetics' as a framework to explore genotype-to-phenotype relationships, paving the way for innovative breeding techniques and expanded food choices.