Overview

• Portugal, Luxembourg, and Austria fully ban dash cams, with Portugal prohibiting even their ownership in vehicles.
• Repeat offenders in Austria could face fines as high as €25,000 (£21,300) under the nation's privacy regulations.
• Dash cams are considered a violation of data protection laws in these countries, which restrict recording individuals or property without consent.
• Drivers are advised to remove or disable dash cams when entering these jurisdictions to avoid penalties.
• In contrast, Spain and Italy allow unrestricted dash cam use, while France and Belgium permit private use only, creating a complex legal landscape for UK motorists.