Overview

• The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), implemented in 1975, prohibits the development, production, and stockpiling of biological weapons and is considered a cornerstone of international security.
• The United States unilaterally renounced biological weapons in 1969, setting a precedent for disarmament and later playing a leadership role in negotiating the BWC.
• Nearly 190 countries are now members of the BWC, with five nations joining since 2020, reflecting its near-universal commitment.
• Despite its widespread adoption, the U.S. remains concerned about non-compliance by certain states and non-state actors pursuing biological weapons.
• On the treaty's 50th anniversary, the U.S. called on member states to reaffirm their commitment to the BWC and strengthen efforts to prevent biological weapons development.